Testing and pregnancy

 

  1. GP's role

  3. Counselling before and during pregnancy
  4. Collecting the family history
  5. Folic acid and pregnancy
  6. Recommendations about folic acid in pregnancy
  7. Woman at population risk for neural tube defects
  8. Woman at increased risk for neural tube defects

  10. Important points about folic acid

  12. Screening and diagnostic tests during pregnancy
  13. Assessing risk factors in pregnancy
  14. Down syndrome and other chromosomal abnormalities
  15. Figure 1: Maternal age and risk of liveborn baby with Down syndrome
  16. The effect of maternal age on screening tests for Down syndrome
  17. Factors that increase the risk of having a baby with Down syndrome and other chromosome abnormalities

  19. Neural tube defects
  20. Genetic Conditions and birth defects
  21. Figure 2: Prenatal screening and diagnostic tests offered
  22. Table 1: Advantages and disadvantages of screening tests during pregnancy
  23. Table 2: Advantages and disadvantages of diagnostic tests during pregnancy

  25. Offering testing

  27. Types of Prenatal tests
  28. Screening tests
  29. Diagnostic tests

  31. Prenatal screening tests
  32. important condiderations about prenatal screening tests

  34. Ultrasound scanning
  35. First trimester ultrasound
  36. Figure 3: First trimester ultrasound
  37. Second trimester ultrasound
  38. Figure 4: Second trimester ultrasound
  39. Limitations of second trimester ultrasound
  40. Ultrasound and neural tube defects
  41. Nuchal translucency screening
  42. Figure 5: First trimester ultrasound showing nuchal translucency

  44. Combined first trimester screening
  45. Arranging combined first trimester screening

  47. Second trimester maternal serum screening
  48. Arranging second trimester maternal serum screening

  50. Counselling for an increased risk result
  51. Table 3: Cut-off risks used to determine increased risk in prenatal screening
  52. Ways of explaining prenatal screening risk figures